There are NO Just and Holy Wars Essay -- Christian Crusades, Terrorist

War can often be considered an evil act, an act of aggression against another country for scotch or social gain, or can be considered a noble event of justice, a defense mechanism of a protectorate country circumstances a country in need. However, sometimes the issue of warfare is mingled with religion, which brings the value of war into question. In some religions, war is considered noble and a gateway to heaven. A jihad in Islam is an example of this type, where some Muslims believe that attacking the infidel is considered strong promotion of their religion. However, in many religions the ethics of a Holy War, generally defined as any war that is regarded as a religious act or is in some way set in a direct relation to religion, (Erdmann 3)) is in a very grey area. Christianity is one of those religions. Starting in the late 11th century, the Christian church started a serial of Holy Wars called the Crusades. After looking at the motives for the war and the te achings of Jesus, the supposed basis of Christianity, it seems as if these wars were not actually representative of how Christians should act toward conflict even though they were considered for the good of the church.Onward Christian Soldiers The view of the Church towards war from its inception in the first century until 1095, when Pope Urban II officially called Christians in concert to fight in the first Crusade, changed drastically according to Thomas Madden (1). In the first hundred years after the death of Christ war was seen for only stately gain by the Roman state, which was persecuting Christians. However, the conversion of Emperor Constantine brought a union between the state and Christianity. War became a necessary tool, and due t... ... I mentioned before, Osama bin Laden proclaimed his attack on the World Trade Center a holy war. While the human race looked affirm and could not understand how this could be considered holy, if one were to look back th ey could see similarities between the Christian Crusades and the terrorist attacks. When I was looking for websites on just war system of St. Augustine, nearly every single site I found had a discussion on whether the possible action by the United States in Iraq would be justified according to St. Augustine. Most declared that it would be justified based on the actions of Iraq over the past decade and our status as a world leader with an international council such as the United Nations. It is nice to know that the information from the Crusades can help us now, but I prefer subtile that the Christian church has not repeated its action in the past 500 years.

Self Discovery in Saul Bellows Henderson the Rain King :: Henderson the Rain King

Self Discovery in Saul Bellows H fetch uperson the Rain King suffer you ever felt like a complete social out cast? Some one who has trouble fitting in and has never sooner found their true calling. Being shunned by those closest to him and being unaccepted by society, the vulcanized fiber in this novel is a perfect example. Saul Bellows character Eugene Henderson, in, Henderson the Rain King, (1959), is a man who struggles to change his ways and find out his true calling.In this novel, a 55-year old man, tries to get through a mid-life crisis. The millionaire decides to go to Africa in an attempt to find himself. He meets two tribes while there. The first one he nearly destroys in an attempt to rid their watering muss of frogs. The next tribe helps Henderson the most on his quest. He unknowingly participates in a ritual to bring rain to the tribe, the success of which leads to his acclamation as Sungo, or Rain King. This experience with the tribe helps him to realize that his true destiny is as a healer. He returns back to America, planning to enter medical school.Eugene Henderson starts off the hold up as a unpredictable man, with little conscious to guide him. It seems as though he almost intentionally hurts those closest to him. After telling his married woman that he has had enough of everything, and that he was going to blow his brains out, he explains that this hurt his wife for more than one reason. Perhaps the most apparent reason was that Her stick had committed suicide in the same way, with a pistol (11). Throwing tantrums like these, cause him to be very unlikable in the beginning of the novel.Once he has arrived in Africa, you start to see a different side of him. Then after leaving the first tribe and staying with the second one for a while, his disposition really begins to grow on you. He explains that, At one time, much earlier in this life of mine, suffering had a certain spice (263). I feel that this shows how he is growing as a person an d being able to find out more about who he really is.Towards the end of the novel, the change that has come over him becomes really apparent. After a conversation with the king, he says, For his sake I accepted the discipline of being like a lion.

Distance Education Essay -- essays papers

withdrawnness EducationThe Ameri merchantman Education System over the years is maturation a new way of schooling. Many colleges are resorting to this type of learning which is c each(prenominal)ed Distance Education. Distance Education is possible through the new advancements and technologies of computers. This new high-minded learning has beneficial and negatives attributes, raises the differences between teaching in a classroom verses distance education, key players that are involved and schools who are offering this online education. This can be a valuable aspect to our society.The computer is one of the most important technologies in this world. Due to the invention of the computer, our society as a whole has changed immensely. We can just get on the internet, which is a new technology and send a person a letter through e-mail, instead of going to the federal agency office, where your letter might not be delivered for a few days. These technologies have made life easi er for everyone especially for the college students. If they need to get in touch with their professor, all they have to do is jump on the computer, go to their e-mail account and write up a message to their instructor. The computer has specified programs make in particular for a subject in a class. For example, in ISTC class, it provides a program called Blackboard. With this program, assignments can be given online, without meeting face to face. Because computers are so high-tech these days, you are able to take college classes online and receives legible credit for it. Since the computer is becoming more progressively advanced everyday, students are able to go into a virtual(prenominal) classroom to talk to their professor and fellow classmates. This virtual classroom is just like a real cla... ...E-Learning Strategies for Media Online Teaching and Engaged Learning. International Journal of Distance Education Technologies, Vol 2, pg 17. Retrieved October 13, 2004, from Academic Search.5. Meyer, K. (2002). Quality in Distance Education. New York Wiley Periodicals, Inc.6. Palloff, R. (2003). The Virtual Student. San Francisco Jossey-Bass. 7. Saygin, C. (2004). A Web-based Programmable Logic Controller Laboratory forManufacturing Engineering Education. International Journal of advance Manufacturing Technology, 24, 590. Retrieved October 11, 2004, Academic Search. 8. Twigg, Carol A. (1996, March). Is Technology a Silver Bullet?. Educom Review, Vol 31, pg 28. Retrieved October 16, 2004, from ERIC/EBSCO database.9. Willis, Barry. (1993). Distance Education A Practical Guide. Englewood Cliffs, NJEducational Technology Publications.

Importance of Self-Image in the Loman Family Essay example -- Literary

Published in 1949, Arthur Millers oddment of Salesman is a post Second World War the Statesn drama that highlights the plight of isolation and desolation experienced by the common man, as symbolized by Willy. The bidding deals with the society, lifes absurdity, various internal and remote conflicts, death and above all, the tragedy of existence. It is located in the industrial society of the twentieth century where the pressure to succeed and the financial difficulties seem insurmountable. The play depicts America as the land of opportunity as well as a place where the society has acquired a new set of values that threatens to destroy those who cannot hold by new changes. This paper discusses the importance of self-image in the Loman family and how the conceptions of self-image fuel the destruction of the characters. To begin with, the plot structure of the play does not follow a analytic sense of development rather the progression has an aesthetic appeal, which is similar to t he concept of the stream of consciousness as propounded by Virginia Woolf. The main protagonist, Willy, is shown in a enjoin of mind where time does not exist and his memories come in the ebb and flow of consciousness. The perception of facts, life, ideas, hopes, dreams and ambitions are shown personified in its characters whose maturity and immaturity determine the strain of their lives. The protagonist is a deranged and disillusioned character who cannot come into terms with his lifes failures, compounded with the unstable life of his sons, Biff and Happy. This is a play which shows how the self perception of a character not only develops misleading self image in the mind of the character but influences how other characters get the picture them. First... ...r the protagonist, his self image leads him to suicide. Willy Loman is neither a king nor a pauper, he is a common man who wanted to lead a life of self respect and own adequate material comforts for himself and his family. The Death of a Salesman is a tragic story. Works CitedBloom, Harold. Arthur Miller. Philadelphia Chelsea House Publishers, 2003. Print. Foster, Richard J. Confusion and Tragedy The Failure of Millers Salesman. Detroit Gale Research, 1983. Print. Gordon, Lois. Death of a Salesman An Appreciation, in the Forties. Detroit Gale Research, 1983. Print. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York Penguin Books, 1998. Print. Murphy, Brenda. Miller Death of a Salesman. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1995. Print. Terkel, Studs. American Dreams Lost and Found. New York Pantheon Books, 1980. Print.

All The Kings Men :: Jack Burden

"But in the end the truth gave the past back to me."Jack charge pg. 436To understand the inferential validity of the above quotation, I think it is important to first establish a literal comprehension of the quotation. Furthermore, Jack uses the facts and truth he has gathered in his life up to 1939 to transgress understand and explain the occurrences and consequences that have also occurred up to 1939. The most important secrets of the past that are finally uncovered are the truth about his fathers, Ellis Burden and count on Irwin, and his relationship with Anne Stanton. From the beginning of the book the Burden family structure is shaky and confusing at best, the first mention of the mother on pg. 37 describes a love confused women next to her new young husband, her fourth. Then we finally get to meet the myth, the man Ellis Burden. Ellis status is catalyzed on pg. 200 when Jack addresses him as father and the Scholarly Attorney responds querulously, "What - what di d you say?" and on those same summons the old man stubbornly refuses to comment on the questions about Monty Irwin. Furthermore on that page Jack, to himself, calls the old man a "fool,... who wasnt man enough to run his own house". Coupled with numerous All-American quotes of the upstanding Judge as Jacks father figure, pg. 121 "the Judge was a brave man", pg. 438 "... he was a man and I loved him.", the reader becomes confused about whom the father really is. This is the hidden past, and as Jack completes the "Case of the Upright Judge", he "broke the ice" and found out the truths and facts that would give him his past back. "The Judge wont scare easy", is a quotation rapidly forgotten as Jack uses one heck of a Louisville slugger to bust this boy. The Judge, with both his frightened ticker and shortly his reputation on their last few diminishing beats, leaves this world trying to talk fast to Jack. The very next page the myster y is solved as Jacks mother hysterically falls to the floor screaming "your father and oh you killed him." and the next line states the numbness and closure for Jack, "That was how I found out." These truths uncovered the past and their truths and weeded out the confusion that was the past. "It was evermore Monty", his mother says on 429, her love for him and his political dislike of the Judge caused dispute between Jack and his mother.

All The Kings Men :: Jack Burden

"But in the end the truth gave the past back to me." bull Burden pg. 436To understand the inferential validity of the in a higher place quotation, I think it is important to first establish a literal comprehension of the quotation. Furthermore, Jack uses the facts and truth he has gathered in his life up to 1939 to better understand and explain the occurrences and consequences that have also occurred up to 1939. The most important secrets of the past that are finally uncovered are the truth rough his captures, Ellis Burden and Judge Irwin, and his relationship with Anne Stanton. From the beginning of the book the Burden family structure is shaky and confusing at best, the first mention of the grow on pg. 37 describes a love confused women next to her new young husband, her fourth. Then we finally get to meet the myth, the man Ellis Burden. Ellis status is catalyzed on pg. 200 when Jack addresses him as father and the Scholarly Attorney responds querulously, "What - w hat did you say?" and on those same pages the old man stubbornly refuses to comment on the questions about Monty Irwin. Furthermore on that page Jack, to himself, calls the old man a "fool,... who wasnt man enough to run his own house". Coupled with numerous All-American quotes of the upstanding Judge as Jacks father figure, pg. 121 "the Judge was a brave man", pg. 438 "... he was a man and I loved him.", the reader becomes confused about whom the father really is. This is the hugger-mugger past, and as Jack completes the "Case of the Upright Judge", he "broke the ice" and found out the truths and facts that would give him his past back. "The Judge wont scare prosperous", is a quotation rapidly forgotten as Jack uses one heck of a Louisville slugger to bust this boy. The Judge, with both his frightened ticker and shortly his nature on their last few diminishing beats, leaves this world trying to talk fast to Jack. The very next page the mystery is solved as Jacks mother hysterically falls to the floor screaming "your father and oh you killed him." and the next line states the numbness and closure for Jack, "That was how I found out." These truths uncovered the past and their truths and weeded out the admiration that was the past. "It was always Monty", his mother says on 429, her love for him and his political dislike of the Judge caused dispute between Jack and his mother.

System coverage

This select is written for forest rangers and foresters, county forest board members and exaggerators extension workers. Each illustration introduces a set of principles and readiness procedures on how exaggerators planning keep proceed for the restoration of degraded sloping belt downs and for the incorporation of trees into agri heathenish backgroundscapes. 1. 3 How to use this guide? This guide does not rear ready-made recipes, exclusively offers advice on how to integrate trees and exaggerators practices into land restoration in general, and in sloping land centering.Its aim is to dish out extension workers and rammers formulate their own knowledge, innovations and practices for the specific conditions they face. The guide also takes stock of good practice and success stories from locally and aboard, as well as lessons learnt from failures. It is designed as an entry point primarily for case practitioners. In cases where exaggerators is completely absent in current fie ld practices, it may be used to initiate a participatory planning process for the incorporation of trees in farms and sloping lands.The purpose is to assist in sustainable economic development and environmental protection. Exaggerators is the combine of agriculture and forestry rather than treating these as separate options for land use, it brings both in concert, recognizing and promoting tree use on farms. Exaggerators can be defined as The integration of trees in farming systems and their management in rural landscapes to invoke productivity, profitability, diversity and ecosystem sustainability.While the number of trees in natural forests is steadily declining, the number of trees on farmland is increasing. In many parts of the tropics, exaggerators is providing essential products and services that can help relieve he pressure on the natural forest domain. EXAGGERATORS OTHER DEFINITION In simplest language, exaggerators is the production of trees and of non-tree crops or anima ls on the same piece of land. The crops can be big together at the same time, can be grown in rotation, or can even be grown in separate plots when materials from one are used to benefit another.However, this simple definition fails to take into account the integrated concepts associated with exaggerators that make this system Of land management possibly the most self-sustaining and ecologically sound of any agricultural system. Thus, a second definition of exaggerators would be, the integration of trees, plants, and animals in conservative, long-term, productive systems. Exaggerators can be considered more as an approach than as a single, finished technology.Although several finished systems have been devised and tested, such technology may require adjustment for peculiar(a) situations. The flexibility of the exaggerators approach is one of its advantages. WHY EXAGGERATORS? Exaggerators systems make maximum use of the land. Every part of the land is considered suitable for useful plants. Emphasis is placed on perennial, ultimate purpose crops that are planted once and yield benefits over a long period of time. Such benefits include construction materials, food for piece and animals, fuels, fibers, and shade.Trees in exaggerators systems also have important uses such as holding the soil against erosion and improving soil fertility (by fixing nitrogen or bringing minerals from deep in the soil and depositing them by leaf-fall). Furthermore, well-designed systems of exaggerators maximize beneficial interactions of the crop plants while minimizing unfavorable interactions. The most common interaction is intention, which may be for light, water, or soil nutrients. Competition invariably reduces the growth and yield of any crop.Yet competition occurs in monoculture as well, and this need not be more pestilential in exaggerators than monoculture systems. Interactions between components of an exaggerators system are Often complementary. In a system with trees and pasture, with foraging animals, the trees provide shade and/or forage while the animals provide manure. Thus, exaggerators systems limit the risks and increase sustainability of both small- and large-scale agriculture. Exaggerators yester may be thought of as principle parts of the farm system itself, which contains many other sub-systems that together define a way of life. . 5. 1 -or produce For farmers, well managed exaggerators systems on sloping lands provide food, fiber, fodder, fruit, construction materials, medicine, honey, dyes and resin/gum, among other products. They also provide cultural and household utility items, bush meat from hunting and trapping, and products for sharing and barter among community member. Planted trees can also improve soil fertility and accordingly support the production of staple crops and enhance DOD security in this way. 1. 5. 2 To protect Sloping lands are vulnerable to a number Of risks and hazards.Intense monsoon precipitate can trigger la ndslides and flash floods and lead to soil erosion. Trees on slopes can help to prevent these effects, replenish soils and provide other environmental services. For example, a combination of grass strips, shrubs and trees in contour hedgerows on slopes can significantly reduce soil erosion. In addition, droughts can significantly reduce agricultural production, but exaggerators trees can help redistribute water in soil to provide annual rope with greater water availability, and provide shade to prevent water loss.

Illustrate The Causes if Inflation And Deflation Essay

With the aid of diagrams, illustrate the causes if rising prices and deflation, and by comparing their economic effect require how both can effect the integrated sectorThis essay will aim to cover the causes of ostentation and deflation and see how their economic effects influence the corporate sector. By commencement defining some(prenominal) key terms, and then looking at the causes of puffiness and deflation, looking at their different effects on the thriftiness and in turn analysing how those effects shape the corporate sector. Before this can be done the terms inflation, deflation and corporate sector must first be defined. flash is a mount in the average price of goods over metre. (Begg, D., Fischer, S. and Dorndusch, R., 2000, p462) and The most usual measure is that of retail prices (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, P533) (this information cosmos gathered from the retail price index RPI) and A rise in inflation means a faster change magnitude in pricesfall in inflation means a mortifieder rise in prices (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p533).To illustrate the importance of inflation The COS (Central Statistical Office) says it gets more queries from the public more or little the RPI than any different statistic, a refection of the influence inflation has on every ones life. (Vaitilingam, R., 1994, p132). Now deflation must be defined. Deflation is the mirror image on inflation (McAleese, D., 2004, p285) and is defined by the Collins English dictionary as reduction in economic activity resulting in lower output and investment (Anon, 1998, p140). Corporate means relating to a business corporation (Oxford University Press, 2006) so the corporate sector is all profit making businesses.This report will now probe the main causes of inflation. There argon two main types of inflation demand pull and cost push. Demand pull inflation occurs when a rise in meld demand leads to an increase in overall prices (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004 , p237). Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p537) represented this graphically stating The AD curve shirts to the right and continue to do so. Firms will respond to a rise in aggregate demand partially by raising prices and partly by increasing output (a move up the AS curve) and this is illustrated in the following diagramThis novel, high level of demand my happen for many reasons Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., (1998, p378) tell us that The high level of demand may originate from consumers, from unattackables, from overseas or from the government.The new(prenominal) main cause of inflation is cost push inflation. Cost push inflation occurs when a reduction in supply leads to an increase in overall prices (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p237) or when costs of production rise independently from the level of demand (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p378). This can be denoted graphically asSloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p357) describe this graph as Cost-push inflation is asso ciated with continuing rises in cost and hence continually leftward (upward) shifts in the AS curve. If the firm face a rise in cost, they will respond partly in raising prices and passing the costs onto the consumer and partly by cutting back on production (there is a movement along the AD curve)Monetarists remember that inflation is caused solely by the supply of funds in circulation. The monetarist view of inflation, encapsulated in Milton Friedmans dictum, inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenonInflation occurs when the growth of the bills supply persistently exceeds the growth of historical output (McAleese, D., 2004, p281). This can also be shown graphically asMcAleese, D., (2004, p281) goes on to say thatA rise in money supply from M0 to M1 shifts the AD curve outwards from AD (M0) to AD (M1). The eventual equilibrium will move from E0 to E1 and prices will rise from P0 to P1In the short runthe AS curve may be positively slopedIn that event a rise in mone y stock will cause higher prices, but will also lead to more outputIn the longer term, pay levels will jerk up on inflation and, over time The preservation then approximates more and more closely to the vertical AS.This theory is backed by overmuch evidence including this from the US Department of CommerceAs deflation is the opposite inflation it can be caused by the same factors. McAleese, D. (2004, p285) stated it can be caused by supply or demand shocks. Supply shocks includesustained productivity improvements and technological innovation that lowers prices of inputs and outputsDemand shocks can arise for several reasons a soften in the stock market or property prices, a sustained strengthening of the exchange rate, warsthat undermined business confidence. From a monetary perspective deflation is caused by a reduction in the velocity of money and/or the amount of money supply per person. (Wikipedia contributors, 2006). Kai, V., L. (2004) showed this graphically asKnow we how inflation and deflation is caused we must examine their effects on the economy as a whole and their effects on the corporate sector. Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p534) believe that If you could accurately predict inflation and adjust incomes and prices to meet it then it would not be problem. And Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., (2004, p463) reinforce this by stating if we have an economy in which inflation is proceeding at a steady and perfectly foreseen rate, and in which all possible adjustments for the existence of inflation have been madethe main cost of inflation would arise from the fact that interest is not normally gainful on currency in circulation, so individuals would make more trips to the bank in order to collect interest on their money.These extra trips to the bank atomic number 18 often called shoe-leather costs of inflation. (Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., 2004, p463) The other cost of anticipated inflation is menu costs. Menu costs argon costs from having to upda te catalogues, menus, deal machines, etc (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p384). These costs are very minute so would not greatly effect the corporate sector as a whole. Businesses such as restuants, catalouge based comapies and those who produce vending machines would incounter minor expenses. This forseen inflation econany can be represented graphically asBut normally high inflation is not accurately predicted so other economic costs arise. There are four main, other, expenses redistribution, uncertainty, balance of payments and resources. This report will now look at these factors in turn.Firstly high inflation redistributes wealth to those with assets (e.g. property) and away from those with savings that pay rates of interest below the rate of inflation and hence whos treasure is eroded by inflation (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). This may include people on fixed pensions. Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., (1998 p384) show redistribution also effects creditors , tho se who are owed money, will also wound, since when they are paid back, the value of money will be worth less, while debtors, those who owe money, will benefit. So Firms can also borrow more for investment as real value of debt decreases (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p386). This will be a benefit to firms to wishing to borrow money but bad for those who offer long term credit options on their products.second inflation tends to cause uncertainty and firms may be reluctant to plan ahead and take long term decisions regarding investment as they are inefficient to predict future costs and revenues. (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p384) This will reduce the rate of economic growth. (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). So the corporate sector will suffer from poor planning and low investment.Furthermore inflation is likely to worsen the balance of paymentsits exports will become relatively less competitive in the world markets. At the same time imports will become relati vely cheaper than home produces goods. Thus exports will fall and imports will rise. As a result the balance of payments will deteriorate and/or the exchange rate will fall. (Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, p534). This will, therefore, affect companies who rely on the global economy. They will face laboriousies to exporting products and selling them abroad. They will also face increase competition from imports so may even struggle to sell their products to the home market.Finally extra resources are likely to be used to cope with the effects of inflation. Accountants and other financial experts may have to be employed by companies to help cope with the uncertainties caused by inflation. This will then increase a firms costs. With higher costs, firms are less able to make profit. Some firms exit the market and, as a result, aggregate supply is lesswith field of study output falling and inflation increasing. (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p238) firms are forced to pass on increas ing costs onto the consumer which may result in reduced sales. This could result in being fatal to a firm in a high inflationary economy.So the economy as a whole will suffer from high inflation, firms will find new obstacles in the way of maximising profits and the individual in the economy will each face new difficulties as a result. Sloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., (2001, p536) report The costs of inflation are likely to be relatively mild if kept to the single figure problems arise if inflation turns into hyperinflation (where inflation accelerates out of control) and go onto say If inflation develops into hyperinflation Firms constantly raise prices in attempt to cover their rocketing costs. Workers demand huge pay increase in an attempt to stay ahead of the rocketing cost of living. Thus prices and wages chase each other in an ever rising inflationary spiral. still though the effects of hyperinflation, and even inflation, can be devastating to an economy and the corporate sector, most economist fear deflation more. This section will now examine the effects of deflation on the economy and businesses. McAleese, D., (2004, p286) reported In assessing the economic effects of deflation the problem stems less from the shock itself than from the sequence of events that follow and magnify its initial impact. terms declines become self reinforcing. This means if deflation is affecting an economy, consumers will expect prices to fall as they have been. This will mean they will postpone buying a certain product now as they believe that in the future it will be cheaper or as they become more concerned about their future economic security, particularly if unemployment is rising.The prolonged economic slowdown in Japan has raised concerns about future income prospects among its aging labour force, which may puff up be one reason for its deflation of the last few years (Brooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002). This all means demand will fall. Weakening consumer demand passes into investment. Investors begin to loose nerve. sales forecasts are cut back. The appetite for risk weakens. Faced with declining sales, corporate debt that once looked rock solid now looks less secure firms cut back on the number of employees (McAleese, D., 2004, p286). So not only does the corporate sector suffer from declining sales, they are forced to reduce their prices even more. They have reduced investment opportunities as capital becomes extremely hard to raise.Deflation has opposing influences on creditors and debtors Consequently, the real value of debt and debt servicing rises. There is thus a potential benefit for creditorsBy itself this redistribution of real net wealth is not necessarily detrimental for the economy as a whole. (Brooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002). For firms with a high level of debt this means decreased security as the cost of their debt is increasing. This will also have negative implications on investment as another route of raising c apital becomes increasingly more difficult to peruse. Firms that offer credit options will benefit as the real value of they owed increases. The effects of deflation are seen more server in todays economy as McAleese, D., (2004, p286) believes In an open world economy, there is an added fear that deflationary impulses in a large economy could be transmitted across countries with trade and investment linkages.Inflation and deflation both affect the corporate sector in various ways. Constantly low inflation should bring increased stability. Businesses seek to invest millions of pounds over many years will be assured by increases price stability. Predictions regarding costs and revenues are much easier to make and firms face less uncertainty when assessing investment risk. (Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, p286) and low inflation is likely to increase the turnover and profit levels of a firm. Workers may also feel happier with pay increase therefore more productive under the illusion the y are better off even though their real wage has not increased. So in conclusion low inflation can be beneficial to the corporate sector but higher inflation can have many negative affects but It is generally better to have mild inflation than deflation. Deflationcan create a potentially dangerous situation, as occurred during the depression of the 1930s. (Atkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, p386).BiblographyAnon, 1998, Collins treasure English dictionary (Nineteenth Edition), HarperCollins Publishing, GlasgowAtkinson, B. and Miller, R., 1998, Business economics, Pearson Education Limited, EssexBegg, D., Fischer, S. and Dorndusch, R., 2000, Economics (Sixth Edition), McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, Berkshire.Begg, D. and Ward, D., 2004, Economics for business, McGraw-Hill Education, BerkshireBrooks, D. H. and Quisingp P., F., 2002, Dangers of Deflation, online, gettable from http//adb.org/Documents/EDRC/Policy_Briefs/PB012.pdf access 8th defect 2006Griffiths, A. and Wall, S., 200 4, Applied economics (Tenth Edition), Pearson Education, LondonKai, V., W., 2004, The Causes and Effects of Deflation in Macao, online, Available from http//www.amcm.gov.mo/publication/quarterly/Jul2004/causes_en.pdf access 8th March 2006McAleese, D., 2004, Economics for business competition, macro-stability and globalisation, (3rd Edition), Prentice Hall Europe, LondonOxford University Press, 2006, Corporate, online, Available from http//www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/corporate?view=uk Accessed 8th March 2006Parkin, Powell and Matthews, 2005, Economics (Sixth Edition), Pearson Education Limited, EssexSloman, J. and Sutcliffe, M., 2001, Economics for business (Second Edition), Prentice Hall, LondonVaitilingam, R., 1994, The financial times guide to using economics and economic indicators, Pitman Publishing, LondonWikipedia contributors, 2006, Deflation (economics), online. Available from http//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deflation_(economics)&oldid=42742256 accessed 8th March , 2006Wikipedia contributors, 2006, Inflation online Available from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation Accessed 22nd February 2006

Malaysia

Introduction 1Malaysia is not a forward-looking thought or formula. Rather, the ultimate goal of 1Malaysia, which is comm whizal unity, has been the main vision of our body politics leaders before Najib, and has been interpreted in sundry(a) shapes and forms over the span of tailfin decades of Independence. If we truly study it, what has changed is the memory access and implementation according to the ever-changing metres and generations. (1Malaysia Booklet, 2009) In close to opposite words, 1Malaysia is a sentiment to foster unity amongst the multi- ethnic concourse of Malaysia, substantiated by key values that every Malaysian should observe.The approach is not independent of the Governments policies thus far instead it complements them to further reinforce our solidarity in order to guarantee stability towards achieving higher growth and development for Malaysia and the pot. This nitty-gritty that 1Malaysia is a formula conceptualised as a precondition in ensuring t he aspirations of the coun interpret to secure a developed status by 2020 argon met, if it is inculcated in the minds of the hatful and practiced by the entire community.If the idea of Bangsa Malaysia which was engendered through Vision 2020 becomes the concluding destination, then 1Malaysia is the roadmap that guides us towards that destination. This definition is built upon the argument that in order hand the status of a developed nation in the prede stipulationined cartridge clip frame, the key requisite is a strong and stable country, which disregard only be achieved when its nation stand united. On the other hand 1Malaysia values and view the ethnic identities of each community in Malaysia, and proudly regards them as an asset or advantage. Malaysia underlines the value of Acceptance amongst its multi-racial the great unwashed, where ace race embraces the uniqueness of other races so that we may live with mutual respect for each other as a nation. It is a distinct step above that of mere tolerance. The foundation for every(prenominal) this is the principle of justice for completely(prenominal), which means that the eudaemonia of all Malaysians pass on be looked later, leaving no unrivalled behind. Such justice must take into narration the varying levels of development of each ethnic community.Hence, political science policies and provisions in the Constitution that protect the interests of disadvantaged groups volition offer to be implemented. 1Malaysia depart continue the agenda of nation-building. To achieve growth for the nation, the people must be the first to be developed, which must begin by in composeing a sense of borrowing amongst races, and therefore undivided solidarity. When solidarity is achieved, the task of nation-building shag truly and smoothly be carried erupt. The 1Malaysia formula is conceptualised for implementation in two main aspects.The first is through the immersion of the Principles of superstar, while the second aspect is the assimilation of Aspirational Values. The Principles of Unity are the three items I had earlier detailed the first, acceptance amongst all races and peoples of Malaysia the second, nationalistic principles built upon the federal Constitution and the Rukun Negara and thirdly, social justice. These Principles are supported by wholesome values that must be inculcated as break in of Malaysian culture, including values such as mutual respect, Tawaddhu, humility and astuteness in forming decisions and actions.The second aspect of the 1Malaysia formula highlights elements that must be practiced by any society check offking to achieve greater competitiveness and success. These elements comprise A Culture of Excellence in performing all duties and responsibilities A Culture of Precision in terms of time management and improving efficiency Courage to innovate and explore bracing opportunities. Meritocracy in assigning tasks to those best fit to execute them in accordan ce with the federal official Constitution and national form _or_ system of political relation unwavering Loyalty to our country Perseverence in the face of adversity of any kind and Integrity in all looks and transactions.The inculcation of these Aspirational Values get out distinguish us as a powerful, respected and admired Malaysian Community, befitting the identity of a thriving and developed nation. In delivering its commitment to the Rakyat, the government presented the theme commonwealth First, carrying out Now as part of the 1Malaysia concept. This theme signifies that while reinforcing the call for unity amongst Malaysians, the government will in any case prioritise issues that the people feel strongly more or less. The government to a fault places great weight upon the performance and results of all public servants when engaging with the people.In other words, the government recognises the immensity of the efficiency and calibre of public service in enhancing the quality of life for the people, hence the adoption of a people-friendly approach in all government agencies is critical. In view of this, a rudimentary Performance Index (KPI) will be implemented in all government matters, beginning with the KPI monitor exercise for all Ministers. A Minister in the prime(a) quantity Ministers Department is already assigned specifically to ensure the smooth implementation of the KPI.The Minister responsible for(p) will allow for further details on the KPI and a detailed system of implementation to fulfil this government clinical. Such first steps are judge to germinate significant changes not only in government administration, still more(prenominal) importantly to lead to the betterment of the Malaysian peoples standard of living. Above all, 1Malaysia People First, Performance Now is evaluate to start out a definitive transformation, towards an mod Malaysian nation, underpinned by a firmly united people, and esteemed by the world.The me dia must assume the responsibility to attention the government to bring make out and renewal to the country. The media also had the responsibility to safeguard the peace in the country as sanitary as the renewal and progress attained by the people. We ingest to continue doing what our forefathers did to bring progress and renewal to the country. We cannot merely bring progress and renewal but have to initiate a quantum leap, and the media has the responsibility to service in this transformation. This leap demands catching and openness.Emotions and sentiments must be set aside or the effort to achieve the leap will be difficult. The media should act responsibly when safeguarding the rights of any community, and it should also safeguard the rights of all Malaysians as well. The 1Malaysia concept, proposed is pivoted on the federal Constitution and the Rukun Negara. Besides that, put forward the principles which encompass the responsible attitude which must be practised. We have to appreciate the principle of 1Malaysia in order to build a more progressive country. We have to be sportsmanlike to all the communities.This is not merely something which we want but it is that which is demanded by Islam. The era of the government knowing better has ended, and we now have to move with everyone. And for this, the media must get wind the governments view and vice versa. Foundation of 1Malaysia concept Based on National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, vertex Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak reiterated that 1Malaysia was not a new concept or formula and that its ultimate objective of national unity was the main vision of past leaders of the country, albeit in various forms. National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, 2009) 1Malaysia is a formula which serves as a prerequisite to ensure realisation of the countrys aspiration to achieve developed nation status by 2020 if it is assimilated in the people and practised by society. The 1 Malaysian or a me mber of Bangsa Malaysia, if one prefers pursues excellence with full faith and with pride in himself and his country, behaves democratically, holds himself to high ethical standards. (National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, 2009)Feels that he/she belongs to the nation despite his/her cultural exceptionality, contributes to the scientific and technological civilisation that awaits mankind, is family-oriented, cares for the welfare of others and seeks to reduce economic inequality, and works hard. (National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, 2009) The concept 1Malaysia is based on three main thrusts nationalistic principles based on the federal Constitution, Rukun Negara and social justice. Rukun Negara is fundamental to all policies and nation-building. Malaysia concept uphold all the fundamental provisions of the Federal Constitution and Rukun Negara because its main objective is national unity and has been exists after Independence as it has been the main vision of ou r countrys leader before Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak and has been interpreted in various shapes and forms over the span of five decades of Independence. (Rafini Othman, personal communion, 16th kinsfolk 2009) If we truly study it, what has changed is the approach and implementation according to the ever-changing times and generations.Its a matter of rebranding. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th kinfolk 2009) The Malaysian Malaysia ideology is not the same as the 1 Malaysia concept although both were aimed at building one nation. The Malaysian Malaysia ideology espouses that all ethnic groups have equal rights with none having special rights. This is against the Federal Constitution Article 153 of the Constitution which stipulates the special rights of the Malays and other Bumiputeras as well as the position and rights of the other races in the country.The idea of a Malaysian Malaysia proposed by the Opposition, championed by the DAP and before that, the P AP under Lee Kuan Yew when Singapore was part of Malaysia. It specifically provides special quotas for the Malay and other indigenous peoples of Malaysia in admission to the public service, awarding of public scholarships, admission to public teaching method institutions and the awarding of shift licences. It also authorises the government to create Malay monopolies in particular trades. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th kinsfolk 2009)Unlike that idea, 1Malaysia did not deviate from the basic ideas and essence of the Federal Constitution. People shouldnt fear or draw up aspersions on the concept because 1Malaysia seeks to ensure that the ethnic identity of each race is respected. This means that every race reckon each other and understands their unique differences. Only then can unity be achieved. The people must progress first before the country can achieve development. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009)Unity as envisioned through the 1Mal aysia concept varies greatly from the assimilation concept practiced in other countries where the ethnic identities are wiped out and replaced with one homogeneous national identity. It is also clearly distinct from the opposite words concept of Malaysian Malaysia. 1Malaysia does not deviate from the spirit of our Federal Constitution as the law of the state, written or implied. In fact, the 1Malaysia concept remains faithful to the core provisions inwardly the Federal Constitution, therefore, no one should fear or cast aspersions hat the concept the concept will deviate from what has been agreed upon by our founding fathers. 1Malaysia guidewords, People First, Performance Now Based on National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, in implementing its commitment to the people, the government had coined the slogan People First, Performance Now. (National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, 2009) The theme means that in emphasising the importance of unity among Malaysians, the government will also give preference to issues regarded as important by the people.The government also stresses on performance and achievement by all civil servants in their dealings with the people. (National Unity Ultimate Objective Of 1Malaysia, 2009) In other words, the government understands very well how important civil service efficiency and quality are in improving the living standard of the people and, as such, all government agencies will give priority to the people-friendly approach. In this connection, the Key Performance Index (KPI) would be applied in government matters, kickoff with the KPI monitoring for all ministers.Our Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak begins to reshape the leadership and priorities of the Government. He is mindful that we should build on the successes and lessons of the past. It must be a government with new approaches for new times a government that places a priority on performance, because the people must come first. Both of it are th e same and media do not concenter only on 1Malaysia but also on the slogan in balancing the priority of both of it as it comes out mutually and supports each other equally.If Malaysians had entangled the values of the concept in their lives, it meant that the ministry had achieved its key performance indicator (KPI). The terms of KPI and KRA (key result areas) have to understand these two terms to convey the 1Malaysia goal. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) Key Preformance Index (KPI) is aim at boosting the performance of the civil service. The KPI encompasses six Key Result Areas (KRA) including crime prevention efforts and the fight against corruption.Other KRA include efforts to widen access to quality and affordable education, uplift the standard of living for the lower-income group, improve the infrastructure in the rural and remote areas, as well as to improve public transport for the modal(a) term. By incorporating KRA in achieving KPI, it helps to expedite the acceptance of the 1Malaysia concept among Malaysians. KPI have direction to take on 1Malaysia to achieve its objective and it is up to the people to accepting it. KPI have to convince the people and do follow up with the progress. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009)The adoption of a people-friendly approach in all government agencies was also critical as the government recognised the importance of the efficiency and quality of public service in enhancing the quality of life for the people. The government also placed great weight on the performance and results of all public servants when engaging with the people. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) Key Performance Index (KPI) will be implemented in all government matters, beginning with the KPI monitoring exercise for all Ministers.A Minister in the Prime Ministers Department is already assigned specifically to ensure the smooth implementation of the KPI. The Minister responsible will provide further details on the KPI and a detailed system of implementation to fulfil this government objective. KPI will pay off and change not only in government administration, but more importantly to lead to the betterment of the Malaysian peoples standard of living in acceptance of 1 Malaysia. With the right procedure that will be monitor by responsible minister that also aim on the objective of 1Malaysia.By that, this will expedite the progress of achieving 1Malaysia as it is expected to generate a definitive transformation, towards an advanced Malaysian nation, underpinned by a firmly people, and esteemed by the world. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) Above all, 1Malaysia People First, Performance Now is expected to generate a definitive transformation towards an advanced Malaysian nation, underpinned by a firmly united people, and esteemed by the world. When we know what the national KPIs are, the people will be able to measure the Governments efforts and performance.They can also give their views and suggestions on how we can achieve these national KPIs. This was a reflection of the governments intention to have more effective and meaningful achievement as demanded by the people. Issues On 1 Malaysia There are a solidification of issues arises when the 1 Malaysia concept has been introduced by the Malaysian Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Najib Abd. Razak. The most controversial issue that came up is the equality between 1 Malaysia and Malaysian Malaysia concept. Malaysian Malaysia had been brought by the DAP on 1960.Opposition parties have claimed it mirrored the Malaysian Malaysia concept championed by the DAP and, before that, the PAP under Lee Kuan Yew when Singapore was part of Malaysia. Malaysian Malaysia has been introduced with the purposed of espoused equality for all Malaysian. According to the Malaysian Insider, Datuk Seri Najib had explained that the concept of 1 Malaysia created by him is not the sa me as the concept Malaysian Malaysia. For Prime Minister, 1 Malaysia means the Malaysian standing, thinking and acting as one Malaysian with the way of performing action based on the agreement of the entire ethnic group in our country. judge out One Malaysia, 2009) Madam Rafini, a journalist in RTM said that 1 Malaysia is totally distinct from the Malaysian Malaysia concept even though the policy is almost the same. The DAPs concept is more to giving the sameness right to all the Malaysian no matter what races they are. But, 1 Malaysia is more to encouraged people to think, work and having achievement together as a Malaysian. In addition, it is hopefully that it will bring unity to all races in Malaysia. Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) Besides that, the slogan created had brought misinterpretation to some people. They claiming that 1 Malaysia is just a political gimmick and it will erode the countenance of Malays. Not long after the concept was introdu ced into the public domain, the ruling party and its media organisations moved to narrow the perimeters of the concept, concerned that it would signal the end of affirmative action and special privileges of the Malays. This has created an anxiety to the Malays and former Prime Minister Tun Dr.Mahathir Mohammad had given his opinion on this issue. He said that he worried people will assume that 1 Malaysia means Malaysian Malaysia and people will misinterpret the true meaning of 1 Malaysia. (Is 1 Malaysia Just The New Malaysia Boleh, 2009) It is strange for some people to argue on the 1 Malaysia slogan by giving nonsense concern that Malays going to lost the privilege rights in our own motherland. It is also said that all this controversy is created by the opposition parties that want to bring down the government (1 Malaysia Untuk Semua, 2009).They use this slogan as a silent weapon to influence people mind slightly the harlequinade behind this slogan. The fair play is how Malays c an lose their privilege and specialties if DAP own self which have a complot with PAS and Parti Keadilan Rakyat totally accepting the Perlembagaan 1957 that had guaranteed all the special privilege rights of the Malays? (1 Malaysia Untuk Semua, 2009) Madam Rafini said it all depend on the Malaysian how they interpret this concept, if they accepting it positively, then it will be something healthy enough. Mentality of our people plays a boastfully role in this issue.She also said that the government cannot make a decision for the Malaysian, but Malaysian itself have to decide on their own which one is right and which one is wrong (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) For the media, they can only broadcast and spread the the true idea of 1 Malaysia by victimisation the median(a) they have like television, radio and newspaper. Madam Rafini also giving her suggestion to clear the misinterpretation to some people by inviting some one that understands this c oncept very clearly, such as the minister to giving a spill the beans or explanation about the truth of 1 Malaysia. Rafini Othman, personal communication 16th September 2009) The opposition parties also accused that it is just a low-budget slogan use by the government to trick people and they still want to play with sensitive issue such as races to weaken the government. But, our people nowadays are very smart and they can think on their own what the best is. The media also playing part by spreading the truth about this concept and explaining clearly to the Malaysian that 1 Malaysia is actually means no one in the country will be sidelined but affirmative action policies will continue.Role Of The Media To Educate People About 1 Malaysia Since 1 Malaysia concept has been introduced by the prime minister, there are a lot of opinions and variety of views from people. We can see that different people have a different interpretation about this 1 Malaysia concept, some agree and some no t. This concept has its own pro and cons. So, what the media can do to educate the public about the truth of this concept? According to Madam Rafini, the broadcast journalist in Radio Television Malaysia (RTM), media plays a very important part in educating the public about this good idea.As a journalist, she said she can write and produce some opinion pieces about 1 Malaysia concept and it can be read by the public. The media need to broadcast more news that link up to 1 Malaysia. They need to deliver something positive and accurate to us. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) Besides that, the media can also broadcasting some talk show, for example with the minister with the purpose to explain deeper about this concept. She add that RTM already have this kind of program called Bersama Menteri and they also have a new program called Bicara Siswa.This talk show invited some young generation and representative from high education institution in Malaysia to ta lk about serious issue inside this country (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009). So, in this way we can get comments and interpretation from the youth perspective. In addition, Madam Rafini also said that advertisement can be a very effective speciality to promote this concept (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009).Nowadays, we can see a lot of 1 Malaysia advertisement had been started to publish in the public area such as on the advertisement climb on at the highway, bus station, newspapers and others. Advertisement is a very efficient way to persuade people. The advertisement showed in the television is the best method to persuade people. rough television commercial that shows the unity of all races in Malaysia can help people to understand clearer about this concept. This creativity weapon can plant good moral values to the Malaysian. Our youth is the next generation that will inherit this country.So, they are one of the main targe ts to practice this concept in their life. But, it is not an unprovoked job to attract the interest of the youngster. That is why the media has come up with one initiative to attract the youngster by creating 1 Malaysia songs. Right now, there are some versions of 1 Malaysia songs that has been listened by the public. Most of this song was sang by popular artist that our youth admired of. As a result, it is hope that our jr. generation will be attracted and understand deeper about the exact meaning of 1 Malaysia. 1 Malaysia Acceptance towards Society and EducationIn terms of the acceptance of people of Malaysia regarding the concept of 1 Malaysia, our former prime minister, Tun Dr Mahathir personally told his opinion that nearly 40 percent of Malaysian people still do not know and understand about the concept of 1 Malaysia. He feels that 1 Malaysia is more to political slogan rather than managing the aspirations of different races. He personally still does not see our different rac es community adapt this concept to their daily life A recent survey by Merdeka Centre also showed that 78 per cent were cognisant of the concept but 39 per cent still did not know what it means. Is 1 Malaysia Just The New Malaysia Boleh, 2009) We ask Madam Rafini about the big jog that journalist and the media plays in shaping Malaysians minded and how exactly the media helps our government to send this nitty-gritty clearly to Malaysian people. She admit that in Malaysia, the media is the biggest medium in giving any important message or introduce a new aspirations concept towards Malaysian people, she add that media will interprets the concept in a simple way or subliminal way.She said that the most common way in media is by using the variety of advertisement and message through the various medium like radio, internet, and most commonly television. (Rafini Othman, personal communication 16th September 2009). We can see when a new concept is being introduce, there will be a new a dvertisement that will be shown in the television to show our people about the realness of the new concept and how it is actually connected with our daily life. Most of the concept that are being introduce in Malaysia, it will always something that have a powerful connection in our daily life and the harmony of our country.She said that there were many advertisements that were shown everyday in the media especially in television regarding this concept. There is also advertisement that was created in more subliminal ways. This is one of the effective ways to make our people realize and think for a while about what is the concept is all about. The process also takes the whole of media team to adapt the new concept so that they can connect it in the variety of programmes that is shown in the media. In other aspect, the media is the biggest medium to spread the new concept by introducing the concept more in the media.We can see that now every whiz thing in the media at least will be c onnected to the concept starts from news telecast until other programs. Madam Rafinni said we as a media will always try to produce a good massage but the entire acceptance depends on our Malaysian people themselves. The media is just the medium to interpret a very good concept that is suitable to our country. One example that we can take is when the media produce a competition to everyone to create a song that represent one Malaysia. This shows how the media is serious to commercialize the concept. Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009) In other aspect, some Malaysian thinks that 1 Malaysia is just a political gimmick. We ask Madam Rafini if the concept will still be seen as a gimmick or it will give some jounce towards Malaysian. In this case, she said that maybe the gimmick term came from other people or other parties that not agreed with our government. Realistically, 1 Malaysia is still a new strong concept that has been produce by our new prime minister. She said it all depends on the people themselves on how they want to accept the concept.If they are a smart person, why we want to condemn a good and relevant concept? (Rafini Othman, personal communication,16th September 2009) Madam Rafini personally feels that most of our Malaysian people are getting used to the concept rather than take it just as a gimmick. The concept will leave a permanent impingement to Malaysian if it flows well towards our community. The media will always help in finding a person that specialist in this kind of concept to provide good information to publics. (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009)In terms of academic, International Trade and Industry Deputy Minister Datuk Mukhriz Mahathir said that through this concept, multiracial students could mingle and interact more effectively. He suggests that it can be done by making Bahasa Malaysia, Mandarin, and Tamil as elective display case (Single Stream School Can project 1 Malaysia a Su ccess, 2009). We ask Madam Rafini if the concept could be accept by our younger generations and how it could bring our younger generations together? She said that in term of education process, it is more to long term planning and it all depends on how it will be execute.If they are serious to execute it in our education system, we have to start from the roots. Start from pre school to secondary school and our primary school. It will slowly educate our younger generations towards the real 1 Malaysia (Rafini Othman, personal communication, 16th September 2009). Our younger generations have to be smart. The concept is being introduced for a good reason to help our unity and to develop our country. So it all depend on the way is it carry out and our younger generations have to be positive in accepting it. ConclusionThe simple fact is that Malaysia has been exposed to several slogans from the time Dr Mahathir was prime minister in 1981. Each time, a slogan or concept has been introduced Malaysians have greeted it with optimism, hoping that it would signal a new dawn, a better Malaysia. 1 Malaysia is an intelligent idea that has been created by Malaysian Prime Minister, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak. It had brought so many opinions and interpretations in variety of perspectives. One thing for sure, this latest slogan is going to provoke some defiances but, it is also going to be a medium that will rouses people to a great unity in Malaysia. 1Malaysia People First, Performance Now is expected to generate a definitive transformation towards an advanced Malaysian nation, underpinned by a firmly united people, and esteemed by the world. This was a reflection of the governments intention to have more effective and meaningful achievement as demanded by the people. Thus, lead to the betterment of the Malaysian peoples standard of living in acceptance of 1 Malaysia. It is also clearly distinct from the oppositions concept of Malaysian Malaysia. 1Malaysia does not deviate from the spirit of our Federal Constitution as the law of the state, written or implied.In fact, the 1Malaysia concept remains faithful to the core provisions within the Federal Constitution. Therefore, no one should fear or cast aspersions that the concept the concept will deviate from what has been agreed upon by our founding fathers. When 1 Malaysia has been recognised, a lot of issues arise against this slogan. There are some people has misinterpret this slogan claiming that 1 Malaysia slogan mirrored the Malaysian Malaysia concept. Besides that, it is also said that this slogan is just a political gimmick that will erode the special privilege of Malays.The government also have to face the defying created by the opposition parties that accused 1 Malaysia concept is just a cheap slogan that will bring more harm to the people. Although, there are a lot of issues that against the concept, its all depend on the individual acceptance viewpoint of this concept. It begin from perception of people how they think it is, either its good or bad concept. But, our prime minister has given his explanation about the truth idea of this concept to clear all the misinterpretation.But, the truth is 1 Malaysia is actually means no one in the country will be sidelined but affirmative action policies will continue. When talking about 1 Malaysia, role of the media is very important in spreading the truth idea of this concept. From this research, we found out that media can help to educate people about 1 Malaysia by writing and publishing some article and broadcasting more news that related to 1 Malaysia. In addition, the media can also inviting the minister to explain about this concept in a talk show to ensure the complete glade is given.Moreover, advertisement and song of 1 Malaysia is believed can attract younger generation to practise this concept in their daily life. However, no matter how much initiative done by the media to educate people, its all depend on their self becaus e for sure, different people have their own interpretation about 1 Malaysia. In other expect, some Malaysian feels that 1 Malaysian is just political gimmick rather than something that will give some impact towards our society. From our interviewed, we can bring to an end that the gimmick terms may come from other political parties and some organizations that not really agreed with our government.Actually, the percentages of people that have the bad perceptions are not that much. Most of our Malaysian people are getting used to the concept rather than take it just as a gimmick. The media will always help in finding a person that specialist in this kind of concept to provide good information to publics and produce a programme that duologue about this concept in more clear and specific ways. In the aspect of educations, the suggestions that Datuk Mukhriz Mahathir made about making Bahasa Malaysia, Mandarin, and Tamil as elective subject is a good move if we see it from long term pla nning.If we want to be serious about it, we have to take the first move from the roots, starting from pre school to secondary school and our primary school. It will slowly educate our younger generations towards the real 1 Malaysia. It all depends on the younger generations them selves. The process of education that will be executed in schools will play big rolls in shaping younger generations perceptions, if this concept continue for a long time, our generations will be ready to accept this concept beginning from the roots and will make up a good generations.In conclusion towards the acceptance of 1 Malaysia within our society, the real situations in our societies are not really bad. Even though our prime minister said that nearly 40 percent of Malaysia still does not know what 1 Malaysia means and he feels that it is more to political slogan rather than a real concept. Because in Malaysian media plays the biggest roles, we discovered that media always try to find the best solutio n to provide the best information and try to make our people give a good perceptions towards the concept. Media used lots of medium like radio, internet, and most commonly television.One of the common ways is by using the advertisement plus a variety of information programme. Another example is when the media produce a competition for everyone to create 1 Malaysian song. When we can see that now every single thing in the media at least will be connected to the concept starts from news telecast until other programs. Madam Rafini said we as a media will always try to produce a good massage but the entire acceptance depends on our Malaysian people themselves. The media is just the medium to interpret a very good concept.

A List of Famous Short Stories

Some books atomic number 18 to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested that is, some books are to be read only in parts, others to be read, but not curiously, and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Sir Francis Bacon A LIST OF FAMOUS SHORT STORIES Famous short story writers are Edgar Allan Poe, cat de Maupassant, Anton Chekov and O atomic number 1. Some of these authors have gained much fame and recognition in the literary world entirely through their brilliant narrative of short stories while some of them like Charles Dickens, P. G.Woodehouse and Rudyard Kipling are highly accomplished in the fields of makeup short stories and novels. Short stories are actually more difficult to write as it revolves around a single incident and it has to have the ability of gripping the reader. Because of its length a short story cannot be rambling or dealing with detailed descriptions. Whatever the plot maybe, the elements of a short story are clear and comprehensive while the ending of most famous short stories are abrupt and dramatic with a twist at the end. Here is a list of famous short stories. Famous Short Stories About LoveHere is a list of famous short stories About love. Antony and Cleopatra William Shakespeare About Love Anton Chekov The Things The Play O. Henry An Imaginative Woman Thomas Hardy Old Ghosts A. J. McKenna Return to Paradise Anton Chekov Blues in the wickedness Jennifer Jenkinson The Three Letters Nels Schifano Gift of the Magi O. Henry chromatic Stockings Louisa May Alcott A Lickpenny Lover O. Henry Love Anton Chekov Some Ways of Love Charlotte Mew The Love Quarrel Agnes Strickland Famous Short Stories for High SchoolHere is a list of world famous short stories that can be read by high school students. The Purloined Letter Edgar Allen Poe A Piece of String Guy de Mauppasant The First Miracle Jeffrey bowman The Five Orange Pips Arthur Conan Doyle A Deception Mark Twain The Gentleman Dressed in Newspaper Agatha Christie The Ministers Black Veil Nathaneil Hawthorne The tercet and Final Continent Jhumpa Lahiri The Man Who Would Be King Rudyard Kipling Providence and the Guitar R. L. Stevenson An Affair of State Guy de Maupassant The Girls in Their Summer Dresses Irwin ShawList of Famous Short Stories Here is a list of some of the most loved and famous short stories of all time. A Matter of Sentiment Saki The Stolen Bacillus H. G. Wells The Chinese Statue Jeffrey bowman The Devil in the Churchyard A. E. Coppard The Affair of the Pink Pearl Agatha Christie Twice-Told Tales Nathaniel Hawthornes Ward No. 6 Anton Chekhov Going to Meet the Man James Baldwin The Wisdom of Solomon Jeffrey Archer The Musgrave Ritual Arthur Conan Doyle Rip van Winkle Washington Irving The Things They Carried Tim OBrien Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde R. L. Stevenson The Lottery Shirley Jackson The Enormo us Radio John Cheever In the warmness of the Beholder Jeffrey Archer Earth Is Room Enough Isaac Asimov A Legend of Old Egypt Boleslaw Prus An Ordinary Soldier of the Queen Graham Joyce Monday or Tuesday Virginia Woolf Nobodys Business Jhumpa Lahiri Everything That Rises must Converge Flannery O Connor The Room William Trevor The Man in the Black Suit Stephen King The Eleventh Edition Leo E. Litwak Errand Raymond Carver Lily Jane Smiley The Coming-Out of Maggie O. Henry Four and xx Blackbirds Agatha Christie Afterward Edith Wharton The Ambitious Guest Nathaniel Hawthorne Araby James Joyce The Tell-Tale Heart Edgar Allan Poe The Rajahs Emerald Agatha Christie The Thousand-And-Second Tale of Scheherazade Edgar Allan Poe Timbuctoo Guy de Maupassant The End of the Party Graham Greene The Wreck Guy de Maupassant The Great Carbuncle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Theft of the royal stag Ruby Agatha Christie Hunters in the Snow Tobias Wolff Th e Best Sauce P. G. Wodehouse The Calash Gogol Markheim Robert Louis Stevenson Lamb to the Slaughter Roald Dahl The Last Leaf O. Henry The Lottery Ticket Anton Chekhov The entrance in the Wall H. G. Wells The Baron of Grogzwig Charles Dickens The Open Window Saki Rocking-Horse Winner D. H. Lawrence The Ransom of Red Chief O. Henry The Dressmakers Doll Agatha Christie Rappaccinis little girl Nathaniel Hawthorne The Storyteller Saki Stranger Katherine Mansfield The Private History of a Campaign That Failed Mark Twain A Small, Good Thing Raymond Carver A specie Dish Saul Bellow The Cask of Amontillado Edgar Allan Poe A Burlesque Biography Mark Twain The Boarded Window Ambrose Bierce The Kugelmass Episode Woody Allen The Case of the Perfect maid Agatha Christie The Girl Who Sang with the Beatles Robert Hemingway Hall The Ledge Lawrence Sargent In Sickness as in Health Martha Gellhorn The Blue-Winged Teal Wallace Stegner Man and Wife Katie Chase One Night Stand Jeffrey Archer Miss Marple Tells a Story Agatha Christie An Eye for an Eye Jeffrey Archer

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 15

Matt nodded, but he was blushing to the fair roots of his hair. Tamipressed herself once morest me.There was a long pause.Me fierceith said levelly, Matt, do you mean she hugged you? Like a biiiiiig hug? Or that she She halt, because Matt was already shaking his period vehemently.It was no innocent biiiiiig hug. We were al unmatchable, in the doorway there, and she on the buttonwell, I couldnt believe it. Shes only fifteen, but she acted the exchangeable an adult woman. I meannot that Ive ever had an adult woman dothat to me.Looking embarrassed but eased at having got this off his chest, Matts gaze went from face to face. So what do you think? Was it just a coincidence that Caroline was there? Or did shesay something to Tamra?No coincidence, Elena said simply. Itd be in additionmuch of a coincidence Caroline coming on to you and accordingly Tamra acting like that. I cut I used to know Tami Bryce. Shes a straightlaced infinitesimal girl or she used to be.She be quiet is, Meredith said. I told you, I went out with Jim a few times. Shes a very nice girl, and not at entirely mature for her age. I dont think she would normally do eitherthing inappropriate, unless She break-danceped, looking into the middle distance, and then shrugged without finishing her sentence.Bonnie looked serious now. cool off we have to stop this, she said. What if she does that to some guy whos not nice and shy like Matt? Shes spillage to energize herself assaultedThats the whole problem, Matt said, disco biscuiting red a turn in. I mean, its pretty difficult. If she had been some opposite girl, that I was divergence on a date with not that I go out with other girls on dates he added hastily, glancing at Elena.But youshould be going out on dates, Elena said firmly. Matt, I dont want eternal fidelity from you theres nothing Id like better than to see you dating a nice girl. As if by accident, her gaze wandered over to Bonnie, who was now trying to crunch celery very softly and neatly.Stefan, youre the only whizz who can secern us what to do, Elena said, turning to him.Stefan was frowning. I dont know. With only two girls, its pretty hard to draw any conclusions.So were going to wait and see what Caroline or Tami does next? Meredith asked.Not just wait, Stefan said. Weve got to recuperate out more about it. You guys can keep an eye on Caroline and Tamra Bryce, and I can do some research on it.Damn Elena said, hitting the ground with one fist. I can almost She stopped suddenly and looked at her friends. Bonnie had dropped her celery, gasping, and Matt had choked on his Coke, going into a coughing fit. Even Meredith and Stefan were staring at her. What? she said blankly.Meredith recovered first. Its just that yesterday you were well, very young angels dont swear.Just because I died a couple of times, it means I have to say darn for the rest of my life? Elena shook her head. Not. Im me and Im going to stay me whoever I am.Good, said Stefa n, leaning over to kiss the top of her head. Matt looked out-of-door and Elena gave Stefan an almost dismissive pat, but thinking,I love you forever , and discriminating that he would pick it up even if she couldnt hear his thought in return. In fact she found shecould pick up his general response to it, a warm rose color seemed to hang most him.Was this what Bonnie saw and called an aura? She realized that most of the day shed seen him with a light, cool, emerald sort of shadowing around him if shadows could be light. And the green was returning now as the pink faded away.Immediately she glanced over the rest of the picnickers. Bonnie was surrounded by a roselike color, shading to the palest of pinks. Meredith was a deep and profound violet. Matt was a strong clear blue.It reminded her that up until yesterday only yesterday? shed seen so many things that no one else could see. Including something that had scared her silly.What had itbeen ? She was scramting flashes of image s little details that were scary enough by themselves. It could be as small as a fingernail or as fully grown as an arm. Bark-like texture, at least on the body. Insect-like antennae, but furthermost too many of them, and moving like whips, faster than any insect ever go them. She had the general crawly aroma she got whenever she thought about insects. It was a bug, then. But a bug built on a different body plan than any insect she knew of. It was more like a leech in that respect, or a squid. It had a completely circular mouth, with sharp teeth all around, and far too many tentacles that looked like thick vines whipping around in back.It could attach itself to a person, she thought. But she had a terrible feeling that it could do more.It could turn transparent and pull itself inside you and you would feel no more than a pinprick.Andthen what would happen?Elena turned to Bonnie. Do you think that if I show you what something looks like, you could recognize it again? Not with yo ur eyes, but with your psychic senses?I guess it depends on what the something is, Bonnie answered cautiously.Elena glanced over at Stefan, who gave her briefest of nods.Then shut your eyes, she said.Bonnie did so, and Elena put her fingertips on Bonnies temples, with her thumbs piano brush Bonnies eyelashes. Trying to activate her White positions something that had been so easy before today was like striking two rocks together to imbibe a heighten and hoping one was flint. Finally she felt a small spark, and Bonnie jerked backward.Bonnies eyes snapped open.What was that? she gasped. She was breathing hard.Thats what I saw yesterday.Where?Elena said slowly, Inside Damon.But what does it mean? Was he controlling it? Oror Bonnie stopped and her eyes widened.Elena finished the sentence for her. Was it controlling him? I dont know. But heres one thing I do know, almost for certain. When he ignored your Calling, Bonnie, he was being influenced by the malach.The move is,if not Da mon , who was controlling it? Stefan said, standing up again restlessly. I picked that up, and the kind of marionette Elena showed you its not something with a mind of its own. It needs an outside brain to control it.Like another vampire? Meredith asked quietly.Stefan shrugged. Vampires usually just ignore them, because vampires can get what they want without them. It would have to be a very strong mind to get a malach like that to possess a vampire. Strong and evil.Those, Damon said with harsh grammatical precision, from where he was sitting on a high limb of an oak, are they. My younger brother and hisassociates.Marvelous, murmured Shinichi. He had draped himself even more gracefully and languidly against the oak than Damon had. It had become an unspoken contest. Shinichis golden eyes had flared once or twice Damon had seen it upon seeing Elena and at the mention of Tami.Dont even try to tell me youre not involved with those rowdy girls, Damon added dryly. From Caroline to Tamra and onward, thats the idea, isnt it?Shinichi shook his head. His eyes were on Elena and he began to sing a folksong softly.With cheeks like blooming rosesAnd hair like golden wheatI wouldnt try it onthose girls. Damon smiled without humor. His eyes were narrow. Granted, they look about as strong as wet tissue paper but theyre tougher than youd think, and theyre toughest of all when one of them is in danger.I told you, its not me doing it, Shinichi said. He looked uneasy for the first time since Damon had seen him. Then he said, Although I might know the originator.Do tell, Damon suggested, still narrow-eyed.Well did I mention my younger twin? Her name is Misao. He smiled winningly. It means maiden.Damon felt an automatic stirring of appetite. He ignored it. He was too relaxed to think of hunting, and he wasnt at all sure thatkitsune fox-spirits, which Shinichi claimed to be could be hunted. No, you didnt mention her, Damon said, absently scratching at the back of his neck. That mosquito bite was gone, but it had leave behind a furious itching. It must have somehow slipped your mind.Well, shes here somewhere. She came when I did, when we saw the flare of Power that brought backElena.Damon felt sure that the disbelief before the mention of Elenas name was a fake. He tilted his head at thedont think youre fooling me angle and waited.Misao likes to play games, Shinichi said simply.Oh, yes? Like backgammon, chess, Go Fish, that sort of thing?Shinichi coughed theatrically, but Damon caught the glint of red in his eye. My, he verywas overprotective of her, wasnt he? Damon gave Shinichi one of his most incandescent smiles.I love her, the young man with the black hair licked by fire said, and this time there was an open warning in his voice.Of course you do, Damon said in soothe tones. I can see that.But, well, her games usually have the effect of destroying a town. Eventually. Not all at once.Damon shrugged. This flyspeck of a village isnt going to be mi ssed. Of course, I get my girls out alive first. Now it was his voice that held an open warning.Just as you like. Shinichi was back to his normal, submissive self. Were allies, and well keep to our deal. Anyway, it would be a outrage to wasteall that. His gaze drifted to Elena again.By the way, we wont even discuss the little fiasco with your malach and me or hers, if you insist. Im pretty sure Ive vaporized at least terzetto of them, but if I see another one, our business relationship is over. I make a bad enemy, Shinichi. You dont want to find out how bad.Shinichi looked suitably impress as he nodded. But the next moment he was gazing at Elena again, and singing.hair like golden wheatall a-down her milk-white shouldersMy pretty pink, my cherubicAnd Ill want to meet this Misao of yours. For her protection.And I know she wants to meet you. Shes caught up in her game at the moment, but Ill try to tear her away from it. Shinichi stretched luxuriously.Damon looked at him for a mom ent. Then, absent-mindedly, he too stretched.Shinichi was watching him. He smiled.Damon wondered about that smile. He had noticed that when Shinichi smiled, two little flames of crimson could be seen in his eyes.But he was really too tired to think about it right now. Simply too relaxed. In fact he suddenly felt very sleepy.So were going to be looking for these malach things in girls like Tami? Bonnie asked.Exactly like Tami, said Elena.And you think, Meredith said, watching Elena closely, that Tami got it somehow from Caroline.Yes. I know, I know the question is where did Caroline get it from? And that Idont know. But, again, we dont know what happened to her when she was kidnapped by Klaus and Tyler Smallwood. We dont know anything about what shes been doing for the last week except that its clear she never really stopped hating us.Matt held his head in his hands. And then what are we going todo? I feel as if Im responsible somehow.No Jimmys responsible, if anyone is. If he yo u know, let Caroline spend the night and then let her talk about it with his fifteen-year-old sister. Well, it doesnt make himguilty , but he sure could have been a little more subtle, Stefan said.And thats whereyoure wrong, Meredith told him. Matt and Bonnie and Elena and I have known Caroline forages andwe know what shes capable of . If anyone qualifies as their sisters keeper its us. And I think were in serious delinquency of duty. I vote we stop by her house.So do I, Bonnie said sadly, but Im not looking forward to it. Besides, what if shedoesnt have one of those malach things in her?Thats where the research comes in, Elena said. We need to find out whos behind it all. Someone strong enough to influence Damon.Wonderful, Meredith said, looking grim. And given the power of the ley lines, we only have every single person in Fells Church to choose from.Fifty yards west and thirty feet straight up, Damon was struggling to keep awake.Shinichi reached up to brush fine hair the color of night and flames vanquish upward off his forehead. Under his lowered lids he was watching Damon intently.Damon meant to be watching him as intently, but he was simply too drowsy. Slowly, he imitated Shinichis motion, brushing a very few strands of silky black hair off his own forehead. His lids drooped inadvertently, just a little more than before. Shinichi was still smiling at him.So we have our deal, he murmured. We get the town, Misao and I, and you dont stand in our way. We get the rights to the power of the ley lines. You get your girls safely outand you get your revenge.Against my sanctimonious brother and thatthat muttMatt. Shinichi had sharp ears.Whatever. I just wont have Elena hurt, is all. Or the little red-headed witch.Ah, yes, sweet Bonnie. I wouldnt mind one or two like her. One for Samhain and one for the Solstice.Damon snorted drowsily. There arent two like her I dont care where you look. I wont have her hurt either.And what about the tall, opprobrious-haired b eautyMeredith?Damon woke up.Where?Dont worry shes not coming to get you, Shinichi said soothingly. What do you wantdone with her?Oh. Damon lounged back again in relief, easing his shoulders. Let her go her own way as long as its far away from mine.Shinichi seemed to deliberately relax back against his branch. Your brother will be no problem. So its really just that other boy down there, he murmured. He had a very insinuating murmur.Yes. But my brother Damon was almost asleep now, in the exact position that Shinichi had taken.I told you, hell be taken care of.Mm. I mean, good.So we have a deal?Mm-hmm.Yes?Yes.We have a deal.This time, Damon didnt respond. He was dreaming. He dreamed that Shinichis angelic golden eyes snapped open suddenly to look at him.Damon. He heard his name, but in his dream it was too much trouble to open his eyes. He could see without opening them, anyway.In his dream, Shinichi leaned over him, hovering like a shot over his face, so that their auras mixed an d they would have shared breath if Damon had been breathing. Shinichi stayed that way a long time, as if he were testing Damons aura, but Damon knew that to an outsider he would appear to be out on all channels and frequencies. Still, in his dream Shinichi hung over him, as if he were trying to memorize the crescent of dark lashes on Damons pale cheek or the subtle curve of Damons mouth.Finally, the dream-Shinichi put his hand under Damons head and stroked the spot where the mosquito bite had itched.Oh, growing up to be a fine big lad, arent you? he said to something Damon couldnt see to somethinginside him. You could almost take full control against his own strong will, couldnt you?Shinichi sat for a moment, as if watching a cherry blossom fall, then shut his eyes.I think, he whispered, that thats what well try, not too long from now. Soon. Very soon. But first, we have to gain his trust get rid of his rival. Keep him blurred, angry, vain, off balance. Keep him thinking of Stefan, of his hatred for Stefan, who took his angel, whileI take care of what needs to be done here.Then he spoke directly to Damon. Allies, indeed He laughed. Not while I can put my finger on your very soul. Here. Do you feel it? What I could make you doAnd then again he seemed to address whatever creature was already inside Damon But right nowa little feast to help you grow up much faster and get much stronger.In the dream, Shinichi made a gesture, and lay back, encouraging previously out of sight malach to come up the trees. They slunk up and slid up the back of Damons neck. And then, hideously, they slipped inside him, one by one, through some cut he hadnt known he had. The feeling of their soft, flabby, jellyfish-like bodies was almost unbearableslipping inside of him.Shinichi sang softly.Oh, come a tae me, ye fair pretty maidensHaste ye lassies tae my bosomCome tae me by sunlight or moonshineWhile the roses still are in blossomIn his dream, Damon was angry. Not because of the nonse nse about malach inside him. That was ludicrous. He was angry because he knew that the dream-Shinichi was watching Elena as she began to pack up the remains of the picnic. He was watching every motion she made with an obsessive closeness.They blossom ever where you treadWild roses bloody red. great girl, your Elena, the dream-Shinichi added. If she lives, I think shell be mine for a night or so. He stroked the remaining strands of hair off Damons forehead gently. Extraordinary aura, dont you think? Ill make sure her death is beautiful.But Damon was in one of those dreams where you can neither move nor speak. He didnt answer.Meanwhile, dream-Shinichis dream-pets continued to climb the trees and pour themselves, like Jell-O, inside him. One, two, three, a dozen, two dozen of them.More .And Damon could not wake, even though he sensed more malach coming from the Old Wood. They were neither dead, nor living, neither man nor maiden, mere capsules of Power that would allow Shinichi to cont rol Damons mind from far away. Endlessly, they came.Shinichi kept watching the flow, the bright sparkle of internal organs sparkling into Damon. After a while he sang again,Days are precious, dinna lose themFloers will fade and so will yeCome to me, ye fair young maidensWhile young and fair ye still may be.Damon dreamed that he heard the word forget as if whispered by a hundred voices. And even as he tried and true to remember what to forget, it dissolved and disappeared.He woke up alone in the tree, with an ache that filled his entire body.

Formal Outline Essay

INTRODUCTIONAttention material The world stopped getting warmer almost 16 years ago, according to refreshing data released last week. The figures, which boast triggered debate among climate scientists, reveal that from the beginning of 1997 until August 2012, there was no discernible rise in aggregate b all(prenominal)-shaped temperatures. This think ab aways that the plateau or pause in global inciteing has now lasted for about the same time as the previous period when temperatures rose, 1980 to 1996. out front that, temperatures had been stable or declining for about 40 years. Credibility material The current cycle of global warming is changing the rhythms of climate that all living things have come to rely upon. What will we do to slow this warming? How will we cope with the changes weve already set into motion? While we struggle to figure it all out, the face of the Earth, as we know itcoasts, forests, farms, and snowcapped mountainshangs in the balance. Thesis statement T oday I want to share what Ive learned about global warming and its causes. Preview We need to consider causes, effects and dangers of global warming.(Transition Lets begin by understanding more about global warming.) consistencyI. The Earth is warming and human activity is the primary cause. A. U.S. scientists said in the media January 19, 2012, about the influence of mankind on the state of global warming has change magnitude from 18% to 51%. B. The primary way humans cause global warming is by burning fossil fuels. 1. When we drive or fly. 2. When we eat nucleus and Exotic Foods. 3. When we use electricity. 4. When You Move Into A New Development.(Transition Now, from this it becomes clear why humans are the main cause of global warming, lets poll its major effects)II. Global Warming effect information.A. The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole, and everywhere in between. Globally, the mercury is already up more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degree Celsius), and ev en more in sensitive polar regions. B. Some impacts from increasing temperatures are already happening. 1. Ice is melting worldwide, curiously at the Earths poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice. 2. Researcher Bill Fraser has tracked the decline of the Ad cunning penguins on Antarctica, where their numbers have fallen from 32,000 breeding pairs to 11,000 in 30 years. 3. sea level rise became faster over the last century.4. Some butterflies, foxes, and alpine plants have moved farther north or to senior higher, cooler areas. 5. Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased across the globe, on average. 6. Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska convey to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees. C. Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues. 1. Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimeters) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters). 2. Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could decline by 10 percent over the following(a) 50 years.(Transition So now, we know about global warming effects, lets see our futureand how we can fix it?)III. Predicted Effects and Impacts of Global Warming.A. hereafter effects about global warming.1. Increased spread of infectious diseases an increase in the number of people exposed to vector borne diseases (e.g. cholera) and an increase in heat stress mortality. 2. Degraded water quality Projected climate change will tend to degrade water quality through higher water temperatures and increased pollutant load from runoff and overflows of waste facilities. 3. More frequent and more intense heat waves, droughts, and tropical cyclones. B. Some basic predictions of global warming.1. Global mean temperature should increase by between 1.4 and 5.8 C (2.5 to 10 F). 2. The sea level should rise by between 9 and 88 cm (3.5 to 35).(Transition Finally, I want to tell you about the solution of this huge problem.)IV. Solutions to Global Warming.A. There is no single solution to global warming.1. Boosting energy efficiency.2. Greening transportation.3. Revving up renewables4. Phasing out fossil fuel electricityManaging forests and agriculture5.Exploring nuclear6.Developing and deploying new low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies.7. Ensuring sustainable developmentCONCLUSIONSummary statement Some impactssuch as record high temperatures, melting glaciers, and severe flooding and droughtsare already becoming increasingly common across the country and around the world. However, there is much we can do to protect the health and economic well-being of current and future generations from the consequences of the heat-trapping emissions caused when we burn coal, oil, and gas to generate electricity, drive our cars, an d fuel our businesses. Concluding remarks Since 1880 the world has warmed by 0.75 degrees Celsius.

Elevator Pitch

The concept of the Elevator Pitch is borne from the idea that if you met an investor on an elevator and but had 30 seconds to pitch your business, what would it sound like? In fact 30 seconds is about as much attention as you ar going to get from an investor to begin with, so hazarding in that time frame makes a lot of sense. The formula for the perfect Elevator Pitch involves three ingredients the riddle, the Solution, and the Market Size. The problem Every great company starts by solving an important problem.The to a greater extent(prenominal) accurately you articulate the difficulty, the more valuable the Solution will be. Think about how NetFlix. com solved the problem of having to go to the television system store in order to rent a movie. No one enjoyed having to travel back and forward to the video store for a rental, nor did they appreciate remunerative late fees (which we all aim done, and hate ) NetFlix solved the problem of neer having to visit a video store to rent a movie and n ever having to pay late fees again. It was a real problem that everyone could identify with (much to the chagrin of Blockbuster The Elevator Pitch has three main ingredients The Problem, The Solution and The Market Size. With completely the Problem in hand, our Elevator Pitch would start like this Going to the video store is a pain. People dont like travel back and forth and to rent a movie and they hate give late fees even more. Whats important about this explanation of the Problem is that everyone clear relate to the problem. The more relate-able the problem, the more likely you are to get someones attention to it.Think about ways to modify your Problem so that anyone you meet could easily sympathize it. Its more important that the problem is relate-able than complicated. Now lets find a solution. The Solution Once youve articulated the Problem your next step is to think about how your Solution fixes that Problem beautifully. Sticking with our NetFlix example, heres how we might articulate our Solution NetFlix provides customers with a huge selection of movies that they can order office to their doorstep and never have to pay a single late fee for. Notice how the Solution ties directly back to the pain points of the problem, namely the fact that you dont have to leave your augury and you dont have to pay late fees. A good Solution is a direct reflection of the Problem. As a side note, a Solution with no Problem preceding it is a lot less valuable. Take a second look at the Solution for NetFlix above without the Problem before it, and think about how much less exciting that Solution is without understanding the Problem that it solves. The Market SizeSolving the Problem beautifully is nice and all, but if the Market Size of the Problem isnt big enough, youre not likely get investors very excited. The Market Size explains just how big and widespread the market is, which implies how big of a company you can build by solving that pr oblem. Investors want to know youre solving a painful problem in a giant market. If you can combine those two factors, youll generate a lot more interest. Watch what happens when we reduce the size of NetFlixs Market Size by just adding a few delivery to the Problem Going to the video store to rent the movie Fletch is a pain. People dont like traveling back and forth just to rent Fletch and they hate paying late fees even more. We havent even explained the Solution yet and already youre in all probability thinking How big of a business could you build on helping mess rent Fletch? I mean hey, its a good movie, and probably a seminal work by Chevy Chase, but cmon Now lets try that again, only this time well use a real Market Size For over 90 million Americans going to the video store is a pain.People dont like traveling back and forth just to rent a movie and they hate paying late fees even more. Notice how with just a small revision we gave you a real good indication of how b ig this Problem really is. 90 million Americans represent a lot of dollars spent. Even if you dont entirely understand the problem, you can certainly understand that 90 million people probably add up to a pretty big market opportunity. Picking the right Market Size is about identifying a portion of the market that is likely to buy your product.Its not everyone thats ever seen a movie its everyone that is currently renting movies. maybe its less than that if some percentage of those consumers dont use the Internet. You dont assume to have the worlds largest market, but be mindful of going after a market that is obviously too small (like the people renting Fletch) for fear of turning people away before they even have the opportunity to hear you out. Put it Together, then trim back it Down Now weve got a nice understanding of the Problem, Solution and Market Size. The next step is to di comfort that explanation down to an easy-to-remember ite-sized sound bite that still covers all the bases. Lets try a shorter version NetFlix helps over 90 million Americans avoid driving to the video store by delivering movies directly to their doorstep without ever paying late fees. In one sentence weve tackled the Market Size, Problem, and Solution in a way people can easily remember. Most importantly, in a way you can remember when youre explaining what you do a million times over In many cases, youll be lucky if you get just enough time to get this one message across, so refining the message is key.Dont worry about getting it right the first time. Pitch it a few times to strangers, get some reactions and modify. It takes some practice. The Tag Line Distilling the Elevator Pitch down to one sentence isnt always enough. Youll often need something thats just a few words in order to arm others with an easy explanation of your company. Youll personally remember that 90 million Americans have a movie rental problem and that you help people avoid late fees. No one else will. I nvestors wont remember more than the general concept.Your advisors who mention you at cocktail parties wont be able to recite your beautiful pitch. You need a Tag Line. The Tag Line is an explanation of what you do without the details. Its how people reference you before getting into the pitch. Its how you probably remember most of the products you use today. Heres a Tag Line for Netflix Mail Order DVD Rentals Notice how simple that is? Thats the point. In just four words it explains what NetFlix does, without going into the details of the problem it solves or how big that problem may be.Take some time and really refine your Tag Line. Put it on your nett site, your business card and all of your collateral items. Youre building a brand after all, and your Tag Line is what makes that brand memorable. Summary Your Elevator Pitch may be one of the single most important tools you use to communicate your brilliant idea to the world. Most great pitches you hear, like famous advertising sl ogans, are the result of countless hours spent refining, gathering input and refining some more.